JOIN USA genetically altered version of the tobacco plant may provide an inexpensive cure for the deadly rabies virus to patients in developing countries, scientists say.
In a new research reported in the FASEB Journal, scientists produced a monoclonal antibody in transgenic tobacco plants that was shown to neutralise the rabies virus.
The new antibody works by preventing the virus from attaching to nerve endings around the bite site and keeps the virus from travelling to the brain.
“Rabies continues to kill many thousands of people throughout the developing world every year and can also affect international travellers,” said Leonard Both, a researcher involved in the work from the Hotung Molecular Immunology Unit at St George’s, University of London, in the UK.
“An untreated rabies infection is nearly 100 per cent fatal and is usually seen as a death sentence. Producing an inexpensive antibody in transgenic plants opens the prospect of adequate rabies prevention for low-income families in developing countries,” Both said in a statement.
Both and colleagues “humanised” the sequences for the antibody so people could tolerate it. Then, the antibody was produced using transgenic tobacco plants as an inexpensive production platform.
The antibody was purified from the plant leaves and characterised with regards to its protein and sugar composition.
The antibody was also shown to be active in neutralising a broad panel of rabies viruses, and the exact antibody docking site on the viral envelope was identified using certain chimeric rabies viruses.
“Although treatable by antibodies if caught in time, rabies is bad news,” said Gerald Weissmann, Editor-in-Chief of the FASEB Journal.
“This is especially true for people in the developing world where manufacturing costs lead to treatment shortages. Being able to grow safe, humanised antibodies in genetically modified tobacco should reduce costs to make treatments more accessible, and save more lives,” Weissmann said.