JOIN USPneumonia is an infection in one or both lungs that is caused by various bacteria, viruses, or even fungi. Pneumonia generally causes heavy inflammation in the air sacs of your lungs, which are known as alveoli. The alveoli are then filled with fluid or pus, making it difficult for the person to breathe. It is one of the most serious and life threatening disease of all. According to Indian Academy of Paediatrics, at least one child under the age five dies from pneumonia every two minutes in India.
Pneumonia can range from mild to life-threatening. It turns fatal in case of infants, children, people older than 65, and those with weakened immune systems. With winter at its peak, it is important to know the early symptoms to watch out for:
* Severe cough that may produce phlegm (mucus)
* High fever
* Shortness of breath and chest pain
* Vomiting, nausea and fatigue
Treatment for pneumonia varies according to the intensity of the illness.
* Mild pneumonia can be treated at home with rest, antibiotics and by drinking plenty of fluids. If the case is severe, a person might require hospitalisation.
* Doctors prescribe childhood vaccination to curb pneumonia.
* Breast feeding an infant for up to six months, nutritious diet, a good hygiene and healthy lifestyle can prevent the disease.
Dr Hirenappa Udnur
(The author is consultant Pulmonology, Columbia Asia Hospital)