Generally, moisturisers and ointments are all it takes to get rid of winter itches. However, some may have more serious skin disorders and might mistake the symptoms with common winter itch, warns Dr Pranjal Shemsher.
The cold season brings with it annoying itchy and scratchy days. The “winter itch” which is primarily caused by dry skin, is a common term for the skin symptom of generalized itching in the cold winter months. Often, the sensation of itch generates a reflexive and compulsive urge to scratch, resulting in the vicious itch and scratch cycle.
Taking care of dry skin by keeping it moisturized and hydrated with lotions generally solves the itching problem.
For extreme dry areas like the elbows, knees, feet or hands using a cream or ointment is better as they contain a higher percentage of oil base than the lotions. Also, using warm water for bathing instead of hot water helps in retaining the natural oils.
In some individuals certain medical conditions like eczema and urticaria or hives may be responsible for the itching. These conditions do not respond to mere moisturising and require medical treatment. Eczema, which is due to a combination of dry and sensitive skin is characterised by itchy inflammation of skin folds, arms, elbows and back of knees. Urticaria, on the other hand can be identified by the intermittent appearance and disappearance of swollen red patches on the skin.
Considered to be caused by an immune system disorder, a number of factors may trigger eczema and urticaria including allergy to certain foods or medications, pollens, or some nutrient deficiency.
Urticaria may also be linked to other health problems such as thyroid disease and diabetes. Heat, cold, pressure, sunlight or other environmental stimuli may worsen the symptoms of eczema and hives.
Scratching in these itch-disorders can lead to scaly and thick leather-like skin. Also, uncontrollable scratching poses the risk of skin eruptions and open wounds, leaving behind the scars even after the skin heals. Therefore, consulting a dermatologist is imperative for a person who is suffering from persistent itch-and-scratch symptoms.
Identifying the underlying cause of itching generally requires blood and skin allergy tests.
Once the cause and triggers are discovered, the therapy is initiated which aims to reduce inflammation, relieve itching, and prevent future flare-ups. Exfoliation of dead skin and external soothing by essential oils and ointments are helpful in alleviating the inflammation and itching. In case of skin infection due to lesions caused by scratching, the doctor may also prescribe antibiotics.
It is of utmost significance that any person with sensitive skin who suffers from itching should not dabble in home remedies as they might aggravate the symptoms or cause skin complications. Consulting a dermatologist and avoiding the itch-triggers are the safest measures one can take to avoid the compulsive itch and scratch cycles and their adverse consequences.
(The writer is a dermatologist)