Karnataka is a land where history, mythology, and nature often converge, creating landscapes that are at once breathtaking and deeply symbolic. About 80 kilometres from Bangalore lies Avani Betta, a rocky hill in Kolar district that offers far more than just a rewarding trek. Nestled in the village of Avani, it is home to the Ramalingeshwara group of temples, a 10th-century marvel of Dravidian architecture, and to legends deeply tied to the epic Ramayana. For visitors, it is a journey through time that blends heritage, devotion, and natural beauty.
A chronicle in stone
The Ramalingeswara temples—sometimes called the Rameshvara group—are recognised by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) as monuments of national importance. Inscriptions at Avani date as far back as 399 A.D., and later records even describe the site as the “Gaya of the South”. The temples were originally built by the Nolamba dynasty in the 10th century, later partially renovated by the Cholas, and expanded under the Vijayanagara rulers, who added the main mandapam and rajagopuram.
The temple complex is notable for its plan: four shrines dedicated to Rama, Lakshmana, Bharata, and Shatrughna, with additional sanctuaries for Vali, Sugriva, and Parvati. The Ramalingeshwara temple itself consists of a sanctum, vestibule, and pillared hall. The base of the shrine is adorned with lions and kirtimukha motifs, while the walls carry pilasters crowned by Dravida towers. Inside the Lakshmanalingeshwara shrine, the largest linga is housed, along with a depiction of the 10th-century saint Tribhuvanakarta. Ceilings feature intricate reliefs of Uma-Mahesvara surrounded by the eight guardian deities, while outer walls are lined with friezes of elephants, lions, yali, and makara. Together, the temples reflect the skill and imagination of medieval artisans.
Legends that endure
Avani’s significance is not confined to stone. Local tradition holds that sage Valmiki, author of the Ramayana, once lived here. It is also believed that Sita, consort of Rama, gave birth to her twin sons Lava and Kusha on the very hill known locally as Lava-Kusha Betta. Some traditions add that she performed the Ashwamedha Yagna at the site.
These myths are not abstract stories but woven into the landscape itself. As one climbs the hill, shrines and rock formations are pointed out as markers of episodes from the Ramayana. There are 14 temples scattered across the slope, including those dedicated to Sita, Lakshmana, Valmiki, and the Pandavas. At the summit, the modest yet resonant Sita-Parvati temple stands as the focal point of devotion.
The trekking experience
For many, the journey to Avani Betta begins before sunrise in Bangalore. The drive of just under two hours leads through a countryside of green fields, brimming lakes, and granite hills, particularly enchanting in the post-monsoon season. Arriving at the foothills, visitors are greeted by a massive stone archway framed by boulders—a dramatic prelude to the climb.
The trek is of moderate difficulty, involving about 660 steps and sections of rocky trail. Beginners will find it manageable, while seasoned trekkers will appreciate the short bursts of steep ascent. The climb usually takes between 90 minutes and two hours, with natural pauses offered by large boulders that double as resting spots. Along the route, curious stone formations can be seen, some believed by locals to represent offerings of past pilgrims.
Guides from the village often accompany visitors, recounting tales of Lava and Kusha and pointing out the spots tied to their childhood. Their narratives transform the ascent from a simple hike into a walk-through mythology.
At the hill’s summit, the reward is both spiritual and scenic. The Sita-Parvati temple, though unassuming in appearance, holds deep cultural and devotional value. From this vantage, wide views open across the plains of Kolar, dotted with tanks and villages. The steady breeze and quiet atmosphere make the spot ideal for reflection. Exploring the shrines scattered around the peak, visitors are reminded that Avani Betta is both a natural wonder and a sacred archive of stories.
Reaching Avani Betta is straightforward, making it an ideal day trip from Bangalore. The route follows NH75 towards Kolar, with a diversion leading directly to Avani village. The trek’s starting point and the temple complex are clearly marked on Google Maps.