Al-Mahmudi was arrested along with his two aides Wednesday evening near Tunisia's southern oasis city of Tozeur, some 450 km from the capital Tunis.
Tunisian authorities charged Al-Mahmudi with crossing the southern border illegally, the official TAP news agency reported.
He was residing in Tunisia since Aug 28, said a security official. Meanwhile, a Tunis court confirmed the release of Khouildi Hmidi, a close aide of the deposed Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi after he was charged of entering the country illegally, TAP added.
He was arrested at the Tunis Carthage international airport Sep 7 while attempting to leave Tunisia.
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