Seasonal triggers for allergies

Ever wondered if the change in weather can affect allergy symptoms? Dr Kushal Banerjee offers some insights

Often set off by a mix of environmental, nutritional, genetic, and lifestyle-related elements, allergic diseases of the skin and respiratory system are complicated and multifactorial. Although allergies include pollen, pollution, and chemical irritants, it is important to recognise that people naturally have sensitivity to allergens like changes in temperature or humidity.

Weather & allergies

Seasonal fluctuations are known to affect allergy disorders. Variations in temperature, humidity, and air pressure act as allergens during the changing seasons. These differences influence the mucosal linings of the respiratory tract, leading to irritation and inflammation and triggering a cascading immune system reaction.

For people prone to asthmatic episodes, abrupt exposure to cold air can cause bronchoconstriction.

On the other hand, the beginning of hot, dry weather can cause mucous membrane dehydration, aggravating allergic conjunctivitis and sinusitis.

High humidity encourages the formation of mould and dust mites, while frequent indoor allergens can aggravate skin and respiratory problems.

Bengaluru, known as India’s allergy capital, poses a unique difficulty. The city’s climate can aggravate existing allergy problems, with ongoing air pollution, decreased atmospheric pressure, and drier air.

Polluted air, with its airborne particle matter and allergens like pollen, enhances its ability to irritate the respiratory system.

The effect of seasonal allergies

Rhino-conjunctivitis and allergic rhinitis manifest as runny nose, congestion, sneezing, nasal itching, red and watery eyes, and sore throat. Though usuallyconnected with pollen, air conditioning, cold air exposure, strong odours, and pollution-induced nasal irritation can also aggravate these symptoms. The transition between spring and autumn is well recognised to worsen asthma symptoms. Those with cough variant asthma may experience coughing as the main symptom.

Eczema & Atopic Dermatitis

Although eczema has a variety of risk factors, seasonal factors are quite important in aggravating symptoms. It is somewhat an effect of seasonal change. Additionally, dry heat and air-conditioning drain moisture from the skin, causing cracking and irritation.

Summertime sweating aggravates skin sensitivity and raises the risk of bacterial and fungal infections.

Production of histamine, a chemical found in some of the body’s cells, is brought on by temperature fluctuations which aggravate redness and itching.

Urticaria or hives

Seasonal urticaria, marked by itchy, red welts on the skin, can be brought on by cold air, exposure to heat, or high pollen counts. Rather than a one-size-fits-all antihistamine remedy, in homoeopathy, an individual’s sensitivity and specific immunological response decide the prescription.

Managing seasonal allergies

Although we cannot control external triggers, improving our lifestyle can help.

There is increasing evidence to suggest that stress worsens the intensity, frequency and duration of allergic episodes.

Restrain exposure to avoidable allergens. Track air quality before stepping out.

Check pollen levels. It may help reduce your chances of breaking out into rashes or having trouble breathing.

 Use protective measures to limit allergen contact. Use face masks and indoor air purifiers where appropriate.

 Washing hands and changing clothes after outdoor activities can also help avoid an accumulation of pollen and pollutants on the skin and mucous membranes.

Seasonal variations may disturb circadian rhythms. Therefore, having proper sleep is vital.
(The author is a homoeopath.)