Demonstrators who have blocked French roads over the past week dressed in high-visibility jackets are set to cause another day of disruption on Saturday amid calls to bring Paris to a standstill.
Security forces are on high alert again, but face difficulties in predicting where crowds will gather to support what is still a largely spontaneous movement led by angry voters in rural and small-town France.
Nearly 300,000 people blocked motorways, roundabouts, businesses, and fuel depots last Saturday and smaller protests have continued this week, with an estimated 5,000 people still taking part on Friday.
The demonstrations were sparked by an increase in diesel tax, justified as an anti-pollution levy by the government, but have since morphed into a broad opposition front to centrist President Emmanuel Macron.
"I hope there will be a veritable yellow tide," one of the leaders of the movement, right-wing political figure Frank Buhler, said this week as he urged supporters to descend on Paris.
But with some protesters baulking at the cost of travelling to the capital, it was unclear whether the organisers would achieve their aim of causing gridlock in the City of Light.
Paris authorities have authorised a demonstration in a park next to the Eiffel Tower.
"I will go to Paris to demonstrate because staying on our little roadblocks is more of an annoyance for motorists than the government," Philippe, a 42-year-old employee of state power company EDF, told AFP in the southeastern town of Dax.
Two people have died and over 750 people, including 136 police officers, were injured during the week of demonstrations that shone a light on frustration over stagnant spending power and the rollback in public services in some areas of France.
On Friday evening a man wearing an explosive device and demanding yellow vest protesters be given an audience by the French president turned himself into police in Angers in western France.
"He demanded that the yellow vests be received at the Elysee" presidential palace, local prosecutor Yves Gambert told AFP.
Local official Bernard Gonzalez said: "There was a real risk, real danger, he had an explosive charge around his neck... This was not fake."
Former investment banker Macron was elected on a pledge to put more money in workers' pockets but the effects of his reforms on purchasing power -- persistently shown as one of the biggest concerns of the French -- have been limited so far.
The poor and low-paid are particularly incensed at his decision to hike anti-pollution taxes on diesel and petrol while scrapping a wealth tax on the rich.
"Macron, we are not your sheep," a banner held aloft by roadside protesters in Montceau-les-Mines read Friday -- an allusion to their feeling of being "fleeced" by the government.
Opposition parties on the hard left and right have cheered on the protesters, whose revolt was described by 77 per cent of respondents in an Odoxa poll for Le Figaro newspaper as "justified".
"It's the cry of a France that is struggling and fed-up," Jordan Bardella, spokesman for the far-right National Rally (former National Front) said.
Macron, who is under pressure to tackle pollution ahead of European Parliament elections in which the environment is expected to feature prominently, has refused to back down on taxing polluters.
But with his ratings languishing at record lows of under 30 per cent, he has sought to present a more empathetic side.
Next week, he will unveil a new energy plan that will aim to make the shift towards cleaner fuel and power more "acceptable".
"We have heard the message of citizens," one of his aides said on Thursday.
Revolts against taxes have been a feature of French public life for centuries -- citizens pay some of the highest in Europe as a percentage of GDP -- while fuel price protests are a common modern occurrence.
Previous rounds pitting the government against drivers took place in 1995, 2000, 2004, and 2008, often when tax increases coincided with high oil prices -- as they have this year.
In 2013, Breton "red hats" forced the Socialist government of Francois Hollande to scrap a pollution tax on trucks after weeks of blockages.
For political analyst Jean-Yves Camus, the French tend to rise up against taxes in particular when they feel the country's revered public services are failing them.
"The acceptance of taxes is based on the notion of redistribution," he said. "It declines when public services recede, the safety nets dwindle, and the gap between rich and poor increases."
