The 33-year-old Sehwag's breathtaking 219 that came off 149 balls and included 25 fours and seven sixes catapulted him to the 12th position.
The Delhi dasher had become only the 24th batsman to complete 8,000 ODI runs during his brilliant innings at Indore last Thursday.
Virat Kohli is India's highest-ranked batsman in third position after rising two places following his series contribution of 243 runs. Mahendra Singh Dhoni (fifth) and Gautam Gambhir (18th) are the other India batsmen inside the top 20.
Another India batsman to head in the right direction is Rohit Sharma, who top scored in the series with 305 runs and as such, has jumped 20 places to claim 36th position.
West Indies batsmen Kieron Pollard, Darren Bravo and Andre Russell have significantly improved their rankings despite the fact that their side lost the five-match series 4-1.
Pollard's century in the fifth ODI has helped him climb 11 places to 51st position, while Bravo's aggregate of 99 runs in three ODIs has allowed him to vault 14 places to 55th spot and Russell has moved up 44 places to 66th spot after scoring 155 runs in the series.
In the ICC Player Rankings for ODI bowlers, India's left-arm spinner Ravindra Jadeja has achieved a career-best ranking of 13th after taking nine wickets in the series, including 3-62 in Chennai and 3-34 in Indore.
West Indies' Kemar Roach, who also took nine wickets in the series, has gained 10 places and he is now in 25th position. Roach's team-mates Ravi Rampaul and Darren Sammy, however, have moved in the opposite direction and are now in 20th and 48th positions, respectively.
In the ICC Player Rankings for ODI all-rounder, Jadeja's good show with the bat and the bowl has made him India's highest-ranked all-rounder in 10th position.
The 23-year-old left-hander gained two places in the table which were released on Sunday after the final game of the series.
