Sluggish HAL needs urgent reform

The recent comments by Air Chief Marshal A P Singh about the Bengaluru-headquartered Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) have once again exposed the deep-rooted challenges plaguing the state-run aerospace giant. Singh’s frustration is palpable as HAL has failed to meet the Indian Air Force’s (IAF) demands, particularly the failure to deliver the promised 11 Tejas MK-IA aircraft.

His words, “I am just not confident of HAL,” highlight the gravity of the situation. The Chief of Air Staff’s scathing remarks come at a time when the IAF is struggling with critical shortfalls in its fleet strength, currently operating with only 31 of the sanctioned 42 squadrons. While HAL has undoubtedly achieved some significant milestones, these are overshadowed by its systemic inefficiencies.

HAL was established with the ambitious goal of making India self-sufficient in military aircraft production. However, the company has faced numerous setbacks over the years. Its persistent inability to meet deadlines, coupled with the delays in the delivery of vital components such as the GE engines for the Tejas LCA Mk1A aircraft, has hindered the progress of indigenous defence production.

HAL’s inability to meet its promises has also dealt a significant blow to the centre’s ‘Make in India’ initiative. At the heart of the problem lies a deeper malaise: HAL’s culture has become synonymous with sluggishness, inefficiency, and lack of accountability. It is time for the undertaking to break free from its PSU mentality, one that is bogged down by heavy unionism and bureaucratic red tape.

The consequences of HAL’s underperformance are dire. The IAF, despite its strategic importance, is grappling with a depleted fleet. Earlier, the country faced threats primarily from Pakistan and China, but with relations deteriorating with other neighbouring countries, the IAF requires a fully functional and robust air power capability. With hostile neighbours and regional tensions continually increasing, India cannot afford delays in its defence modernisation programmes. HAL must not only meet deadlines but also exceed expectations in terms of quality and technological advancements.

There is an urgent need for reform within HAL. One possible route would be hiving off non-essential divisions to enhance focus on core aerospace manufacturing. The government must consider a comprehensive restructuring plan for the organisation, with clear timelines, accountability, and a focused approach to production. HAL should also infuse much-needed innovation into its operation to be able to compete with international defence majors.

As it stands, HAL’s shortcomings are a hindrance to the nation’s strategic aspirations and India’s defence security cannot be left at the mercy of bureaucratic inefficiencies. The stakes are high and the nation’s security demands nothing less than a swift and decisive transformation.