The coronavirus vaccine inching toward approval in the US is desperately anticipated by weary Americans longing for a path back to normal life.
But criminals are waiting, too, ready to use that desperation to their advantage, federal investigators say.
Homeland Security investigators are working with Pfizer, Moderna, and dozens of other drug companies racing to complete and distribute the vaccine and treatments for the virus.
The goal: to prepare for the scams that are coming, especially after the mess of criminal activity this year with phony personal protective equipment, false cures and extortion schemes.
“We're all very excited about the potential vaccine and treatments,” said Steve Francis, assistant director for global trade investigations with Homeland Security Investigations.
“But I also caution against these criminal organisations and individuals that will try to exploit the American public."
No vaccine has yet been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. The FDA has approved the first treatment for Covid-19, the antiviral drug remdesivir.
With vaccines and treatments both, it has warned about the potential for fraud.
“The FDA is particularly concerned that these deceptive and misleading products might cause Americans to delay or stop appropriate medical treatment, leading to serious and life-threatening harm,” the agency said in a recent statement.
The drug companies are to have safeguards and brand-protection features in place to help avoid fraud, but that may not be available until the second generation of vaccine because everything is operated on such an emergency basis, said Karen Gardner, chief marketing officer at SIPCA North America, a company that works as a bridge between the government, businesses and consumers.
She said that makes it more important to educate health care providers on what the real thing looks like.
“When you have anything in high demand and limited supply, there is going to be fraud,” she said. Desperation will drive people around normal channels.
Meanwhile, investigators are learning about how the vaccine will be packaged and getting the message out to field agents, creating a mass database of information from more than 200 companies, so they can be prepared to spot fakes and crackdown on dangerous fraud.
They are monitoring tens of thousands of false websites and looking for evidence of fake cures sold online.
Earlier this year as cases exploded, hospitals and governments grew short on masks, gloves, and other protective gear. Scams grew, too. Tricksters preyed on unwitting citizens to hand over money for goods they'd never receive.
Homeland Security Investigations started using its 7,000 agents in tandem with border, FDA, and FBI officials to investigate scams, seize phony products, and arrest hundreds of people.
The effort is headquartered at the National Intellectual Property Rights Coordination Center, a government watchdog aimed at enforcement of its international trade laws and combating intellectual property theft.
The agency has already analyzed more than 70,900 websites suspected as being involved in some type of Covid-19 fraud.
Millions of fake or unapproved personal protective equipment products and antiviral pharmaceuticals were seized.
Homeland Security Investigations made more than 1,600 seizures of products worth more than USD 27 million and made more than 185 arrests.
Home test kits, for example, were only recently made available to the public in the past few weeks. But investigators seized tens of thousands of fake kits in the months before. On the dark web, scammers were selling domain names like “coronaprevention.org," attractive to counterfeiters. In the U.S. alone, more than 1,000 fake websites a day have been removed during the pandemic.