Northamptonshire police officers and officials from the East Midlands immigration crime team executed warrants at a hotel and arrested the three Indians aged 32, 36 and 36 on suspicion of labour trafficking offences.
They are currently in custody for questioning.
Home Office sources said that two suspected trafficking victims, both Indian men, were working against their will, in harsh conditions and have been taken to a place of safety.
Sam Bullimore, assistant director, UK Border Agency said, "Human trafficking is a brutal form of organised crime and combating it is a key priority. Working with our law enforcement partners we are determined to create a hostile environment for those who prey on vulnerable immigrants and take action against them".
The operation comes as the UK Border Agency leads a month-long crackdown on organised immigration crime.
