Explained | Can Donald Trump serve a third term as US president?

US President Donald Trump declined to dismiss speculation that he would seek a third term and said he hadn't considered whether he would go to court to contest the US Constitution's two-term limit for presidents.

US President Donald Trump on Monday declined to dismiss speculation that he would seek a third term and said he hadn't considered whether he would go to court to contest the US Constitution's two-term limit for presidents.

Here is a look at the legal barriers Trump faces.

What does the Constitution say?

The 22nd Amendment states in part: “No person shall be elected to the office of the President more than twice.” The amendment was ratified in 1951 after President Franklin D Roosevelt broke with a self-imposed two-term limit set by presidents since George Washington, the nation’s first.

Roosevelt, a Democrat who was president during the Great Depression and World War Two, served a third term and then died months into his fourth term in 1945.

Wayne Unger, a law professor at Quinnipiac University, said the Constitution was clear that presidents are limited to two terms of four years each. He said that while that had not been tested in court, any challenge by Trump would likely be unsuccessful.

"I would predict the Supreme Court to say nope, it's clear, two terms of four years each, Donald Trump, you cannot run for a third," said Unger, who teaches constitutional law.

Can Trumps' allies change the Constitution?

Yes, but that is highly unlikely in an era of intense political polarization between Democrats and Trump’s Republican Party.

Any constitutional amendment would require two-thirds support in the House and Senate or a convention called by two-thirds of the states, and then ratification by 38 of the 50 state legislatures. Republicans hold a razor-thin 219-213 majority in the House and a 53-47 majority in the Senate. Republicans control 28 state legislatures.

Andy Ogles, a Republican US representative from Tennessee and a strong Trump supporter, in January proposed amending the 22nd Amendment to allow people to serve three non-consecutive terms as president.

Since Trump's terms beginning in 2017 and in 2025 were non-consecutive, the amendment if passed would allow him to serve a third term starting in 2029.

Could Trump run as Vice President?

Trump dismissed on Monday the idea that he could run as vice president and then have the candidate for president resign after taking office, which would return Trump to the presidency.

"I'd be allowed to do that," Trump said in an exchange with reporters aboard Air Force One as he flew to Tokyo from Malaysia.

But he added, "I think the people wouldn't like that. It's too cute."

However, Trump is barred from running for vice president because he is not eligible to be president. The 12th Amendment to the US Constitution reads, "No person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the United States."